Abstract Submitted to the NANOTUBE-99 Workshop:

We performed Nd:YAG laser ablation using targets containing more than 95% C and less than 5% transition metals and/or Y. Structures of carbonaceous deposits and the target surfaces were studied. We found that a single pulse of the laser beam could form the SWNTs, that the laser beam irradiation melted the target surface, and that the quantity of the metal evaporated from the target decreased when the pressure decreased. We also observed that the metal particles were embedded in the a-C flakes from which SWNTs came out. These and other results indicated that the molten mixture of C and the metal would be expelled from the target during the laser ablation. We think that the metal clusters with sizes of 1-2 nm are segregated in the expelled particle as they cool, and that these metal clusters catalyze the SWNT formation using the carbon in the expelled particles. The results of CO₂ laser ablation and arc discharge supported our model.

References:
Yudasaka, M., et al., J. Phys. Chem. B, 1998, 102, 4892;
Yudasaka, M., et al., J. Phys. Chem. B, 1998, 102, 10201;
Yudasaka, M., et al., Chem. Phys. Lett., 1999, 299, 91-96;
Yudasaka, M., et al., J. Phys. Chem. B, 1999, to be published.

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