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Abstract Submitted to the NT-99 Logo NANOTUBE-99 Workshop:

Solid State Formation of Carbon and Boron Nitride Nanotubes

Y. Chen,1,2 L.T. Chadderton,3 J. Fitz Gerald,4 and J.S. Williams

1 Department of Electronic Materials Engineering, Research School of Physical Sciences and Engineering, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia
2 Department of Engineering, FEIT, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia
3 Atomic and Molecular Physics Laboratories, Research School of Physical Sciences and Engineering, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia
4 Research School of Earth Sciences, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia
Contact e-mail: ying.chen@anu.edu.au

Carbon and boron nitride nanotubes are successfully produced via a novel solid state process. Graphite and hexagonal boron nitride powders are first ball, followed by annealing at temperatures up to 1300o C. The annealing leads to the nucleation and growth of hexagonal C and BN nanotubes of both cylindrical and bamboo-like morphology. High-energy ball milling is normally used to reduce particle size at laboratory. Recently, it is found that solid state phase transformations and chemical reactions can be induced by ball milling at room temperature. Ball milling treatment of graphite or produces highly disordered, nanocrystalline structures with high surface area. As the annealing temperature is far below the melting points for both graphite and boron nitride, only re-ordering and crystal growth take place with primary formation of basal planes (002) in various forms including nanotubes and cages. Unlike previous mechanisms for nanotube formation, the reordering and solid state growth process of our nanotubes does not involve deposition from the vapor phase nor chemical reactions.

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